VoIP is a Layer 3 network protocol that uses various Layer 2 point-to-point or link-layer protocols such
as PPP, Frame Relay, or ATM for its transport. VoIP enables Cisco routers, access servers, and
multiservice access concentrators to carry and send voice and fax traffic over an IP network. In VoIP,
digital signal processors (DSPs) segment the voice signal into frames and store them in voice packets.
These voice packets are transported via IP in compliance with a voice communications protocol or
standard such as H.323, Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP), or Session Initiation Protocol (SIP).
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